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Jesús María (Lima 11) is one of the most centrally located districts of Lima, Peru. It is a lower-middle to upper-middle class, high density district and it usually ranks in the top four districts with the best quality of life in Lima with an HDI of 0.770 (2005), only behind the districts of San Isidro and Miraflores. Jesús María is located 103 meters above sea level and bordered by the districts of Pueblo Libre and Breña District on the west, downtown Lima on the north and east, Lince District on the east, and San Isidro and Magdalena del Mar on the south. Until 1963, when it was made into a separate district, Jesús María was attached to Lima District. == History == In the pre-Conquest period, the area that is now Jesús María was part of the ''Curacazgo'' of Guatca. The lower end of the Rimac valley was divided among several districts ruled by a lord (''curaca''), each charged with administering the lands and water along a pre-Inca irrigation network. The Curacazgo of Guatca followed the course of the canal known as the Huatica river.〔Agurto Calvo, Santiago. ''Lima prehispánica'' (1984). (On-line edition, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2007. ) (Entry retrieved 5 May 2012.)〕 After passing through what is today La Victoria, the Huatica's main subsidiary canal coursed down what is today Salaverry Avenue in Jesús María〔''A la vuelta de la esquina'' TV show, episode on the Río Huatica. Air date unknown. (Available online ) (Retrieved 5 may 2012)〕 and, ultimately, reached the sea at Marbella in Magdalena del Mar district.〔("El río Huatica" at ''Suqanqa'' blog ), posted 6 July 2009. (Retrieved 5 May 2012.)〕 In the Spanish colonial period the area's lands were transferred to Spanish and criollo landlords, becoming haciendas, such as Jesús María, Matalechuza, and Matalechucitas.〔("El distrito de Jesus Maria" ), (''Rumbo al Bicentenario: Historia del Peru, America Latina y el mundo'' ) website. (Entry retrieved 18 August 2013)〕 In the 20th Century, as urbanization spread the area was made part of the district of Lima. In 1930 its inhabitants decided to formally organize themselves into the Jesús María neighborhood association. The following year they established the Pro-Jesús María District Civic Commission, with Mr. Enrique Majuelos presiding.〔Municipalidad de Jesús María (2012), ("Tu distrito" ). Online, posted 12 September 2012. (Retrieved 4 April 2013)〕 On December 27, 1955, Congress approved Law 14763, establishing the District of Jesús María, but it was not put into effect. Eight years later, on December 17, 1963, President Fernando Belaúnde Terry ratified the law and Jesús María District officially came into existence,〔Municipalidad de Jesús María (2010), (Plan de desarrollo concertado, ajustado al 2015. Resumén ejécutivo ).〕 although it did not have its own administration until the elections of November 1966, when José Benavides Muñoz was elected its first mayor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jesús María District, Lima」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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